Page 21 - TINA Dergi Sayi 12

TINA

Maritime Archaeology Periodical

Fig. 2: Karamenderes vadisi aşağı kesimi, yüksek
(1: 250-300 m) bir plato önündeki alçak (2: 40-80
m) plato sırtları arasında şekillenmiştir. Orta Holo-
sen’de (6000 yıl kadar öncelerde) bugünkü seviye-
sine yükselen deniz bu vadiye 15 km kadar sokul-
muş ve burada bir ırmak ağzı körfezi oluşturmuştur
(3). Deniz seviyesi yükselmesinin durmasıyla kör-
fezde alüvyon birikimi baskın duruma geçmiş ve
delta gelişim süreci ile bugünkü alüvyal vadi tabanı
ovasına dönüşmüştür (3 aynı alan). Sağda, kırmızı
yıldızla yeri belirtilen sondaja ait stratigrafik kesit
(Log) üzerinde, deniz ilerlemesi sonrasında, burada
değişen ortamlarda biriken sediman birimleri göste-
rilmiştir. Bu çevre, uygun doğal özellikleri sayesin-
de Neolitik çağlardan beri farklı insan toplulukları
için yerleşme ve etkinlik alanı olmuştur. Bilinen
tarihi 5000 yıl öncelere dayanan Troya antik kenti,
Geç Tunç Çağında Karamenderes ovası çevresinde-
ki yerleşmeler içinde en gelişmiş olanıdır (Kayan
2014).
Fig. 2: The lower Karamenderes valley is formed
between low (2: 40-80 m) plateau ridges surround-
ing a high (1: 250-300 m) plateau. The sea rose to
its present level in the Middle Holocene (6 ky ago)
and intruded into the valley for 15 km forming an
a river-mouth bay here (3). As the sea level rise de-
creased, alluvial deposition became dominant and
the bay changed into an alluvial plain with delta-
ic progradation (3 same areas). On the right, the
stratigraphy of the sedimentary units deposited in
various environments is shown in a borehole profile
(log) for which the location is marked by a red star.
This area has been the site of settlement and activi-
ty for different human communities since the Neo-
lithic period due to its suitable natural features. The
ancient city of Troy, dating back 5,000 years, is the
most developed of the settlements in the Karamen-
deres plain in the Late Bronze Age. (Kayan 2014).

The Holocene is a period of shift from a cold cli- Anatolia 7,000-6,000 years ago. In the north, coastal
mate to warmer climatic conditions. During this pe- deposits are accessible when drilled to the present sea
riod, world seas continued to rise rapidly on a global level in the terrestrial foot-plain on the inner edge of
scale, which lasted until 7,000-6,000 years ago. the Beşige coastal plain (Troy – west of Karamenderes
According to the global sea level change curve, this delta plain).
rise has continued steadily until today, although it The marine shells derived from these deposits are
slowed down 7,000-6,000 years ago (Fig. 4). However, dated back to 5,800 years ago by C analysis . In the
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regional-local coastal research indicates that the mod- Urla İskele plain (İzmir), coastal sediments of the peri-
els of sea level change vary for the past 6,000 years. od when the sea encroached upon the land were for the
For example, there are some data indicating that the most part dated back to 4,400 years ago at present sea
sea was at its present level on the Aegean coasts of level under current alluvial cover (Fig. 5) .
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10 KAYAN 1991.
11 GOODMAN et al 2008, KAYAN et al 2019.
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